悟理

原始論文為〈Zum elektrischen Widerstandsgesetz bei tiefen Temperaturen〉，因為 Google 翻成英文後的排版很亂，所以想說就把它打上來，也許比較看得懂，結果其實我也沒看很懂（暈）。

A solution method is given which allows to determine the stationary velocity distribution of the conduction electrons under the influence of an external electric field for low temperatures. A law is obtained for electrical resistance.

Some time ago we examined the interaction processes of the conduction electrons with the crystal lattice and showed that its elastic oscillations cause not only changes in momentum but also changes in energy for the electrons. The question of a distribution function that is stationary under the influence of an external electric field and the lattice vibrations, and consequently of the resistance, then leads to a linear integral equation, while in the theories of Lorentz and Houston one finds where the energy changes of the electrons are neglected, only has to solve an ordinary linear equation for the distribution function **.

A solution could easily be found far above the characteristic temperature $\Theta$ of the metal, since there the energy of the lattice vibrations changes relatively little as a result of the interaction with the electrons. On the other hand, at that time we did not succeed in finding a solution for $T\ll\Theta$, and the assumption that the low temperatures cause substantial exchange of energy, together with Pauli’s exclusion principle, the disappearance of resistance with temperature, could not find any rigorous quantitative justification. This should be done here.